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Patented Aug. V17

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UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea.

ARTHUR W. BROVVNE, OF VESTFIELD, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE S. S. VHITE DENTAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PA.

DENTAL PLUGGER.

SPEILIIEIC'ATIONv forming` part of Letters Patent 1010.347567. dated 11511.51? 17. 1885- Application filed August 4, 1884. Serial No. 189,612. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR W. BnowNE, of Westfield, in the county of -Richmond and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dentists Pluggers, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to instruments for plugging teeth,known as dentists p luggers,77 and to that class of such pluggers which are driven Io by the rotary chuck of' a dental-engine handplece, or, in other words, by power; and the objects of my invention more particularly are to simplify and otherwise improve such instruments, and to. provide in such instrument means for stopping the blows upon the plugging-tool without stopping the motive power or engine-as when picking up the gold-foil,for instance, which is to be rammed into the tooth to be filled-means for readily adjusting the 2o strength of blow to be delivered by the instrument, and means whereby the operatingtool may be turned or adjusted during lthe operation ofthe plugger, as desired.

The subject-matter claimed is first particularly set forth in detail as organized in the best way now known to me, and is then distinctly recited lat the close ofthe specification.

In the accompanying drawings7 Figure l is a plan or top View of my improved instru- 3o ment. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof, the

view being at right angles to that of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the instrument on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a similar view on the line 44 of Fig. l. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the instrument-casing; and Fig. G is an enlarged sectional view through a portion of said casing, showing more particularly the slideplate for controlling the delivery of the blows 4o upon the plugging-tool. Fig. 7 is a cross-section through the instrument on the line x a: of Fig. 4, and Fig. 8 is a similar section on the line y y of said Fig. 4.

The handle portion of the casing consists of a tube, A, the front end of which is iittedto receive the.,too1holder B, andthe rear end of which is fitted for connection with a yoke, C, into a tubular portion, c, of which yoke the rear end of said handle portion of the casing 5o is tted and rendered adjustable by means of a Screw-threaded connection, as clearly shown.

The adjustment of the handle portion A of the casing within the yoke O is maintained by means of a set-screw, D, passing through the tubular portion c of said yoke and iinpinging against the periphery of theh'andle portion of the casing, so as to loc-k the two together. The` tool-holder B preferably consists of a Vmetal rod having a smooth shank, b, to enter the front end of the handle portion of the casing, so as to receive the blows from the hammer upon its rear end, while the front end of said holdcr is socketed to receive the end of the operating-tool, which may be threaded to fit a corresponding thread in the tool-holder socket'.

Instead of a separate rod B and tool, the two may be formed together in one piece, or in separate pieces afterward united. The extent to which the tool-holder B enters the front end of the casing A is determined by means of the shoulder b upon said tool-holder, which abuts or comes against thefront end of the casing.

An annular groove, b2, is formed in the toolholder about its middle and just back of the shoulder b', and into this groove the front bent ends, e e', of springs E E engage or snap when the holder is inserted in the casing,and its groove comes opposite the ends of said springs. These springs hold the tool-holder in place, and by this organization of toolholder and springs the springs permit the holderto be driven forward under the impact of the blow delivered by the hammer or plunger hereinafter described, while they return said holder to the proper position to receive the next blow by acting on the rear inclined wall of the annular groove b2, as will be obvious and in a known way, this form of groovcd holder and its operation in connection with the returning-springs being before known and not of my first invention. The bent ends of the springs E E operate through slots in the end of the casing, and the shoulder b of the toolholderB is preferably faced with hard rubber or wood b3, (or some equivalent thereof,) to deaden the noise, which would otherwise occur on the return of the holder by its springs after a blow has beengiven.

It will be obvious that the tool-holder may be readily turned in its seat in the casing, so as to place the point of the operating-tool in IOO the desired position, and the surface of said holder is roughened to facilitate these turning movements.

rlhe blows which are imparted to the toolholder in the operation of the instrument are given by means of a hammer or plunger, F, fitted to slide in the rear end of the handle section or portion A of the casing, and fitted at its front end to strike upon thc rear end of the tool-holder B by means of an interposed plug or cushion of hard rubber, f, for instance, so as to deaden the noise and render the operation of the instrument more noiseless than would be the case were metal to strike upon metal. The hammer or plunger F is reciprocated by means of an eccentric, crank, or cam, G, forming part of a rotary tubular shaft, H, in this instance, which is rapidly revolved by means of a pinion, IY, fixed thereon, which meshes with a gear-wheel, I, mounted on the end of a driving-shaft, J, to which latter a rapid revolving motion is given by a connection with the tool-holder or chuck of the handpiecc of a dental engine, for instance. The eccentric or crank G is connected with the rear end of the hammer or plunger F by means of a looselyconneeted pitman or rod, l, the rear end of which terminates in a strap or ring, k, which encirclcs the eccentric, while the front end is reduced and provided with a knob or ball, k, which enters and loosely fits the bore or Soeketed rear end of the plunger, and, in addition to this loose pitman or rod connection, there is a spring-connection consisting,

preferably, of aspiral spring, L, the rear end et' which is tightly coiled, se as to it tightly upon the pitman-rod in front of a shoulder, 7a2, thereon, and the front end of which spring is also tightly coiled to fit tightly upon the rear reduced end of the plunger or hammer F, as clearly shown in Figs. 8 and 4, while the ccntral portion of the spring has its coils separated, so as to be capable of a free springing action, as will be obvious.

rlhe driving-shaft J is fitted to turn in a tubular sleeve, M, which is enlarged or cupshape at its forward end to accommodate the correspondiugly-shaped gear-whecl I, in this instance, and on each side ofthe enlargement of the sleeve an ear or lug, m, is formed to fit nicely with the correspondingly-shaped ends c c of the yoke C, an axis-pin, N, being passed through said sleeve and yoke to articulate or joint them together. The casing A is thus jointed to the sleeve M, so as to be free to be moved about or rocked relatively to said sleeve in the operation of the instrument. rlhe pivot-pin N passes through the tubular eccentric-carrying shaft H, and forms the axis about which said shaftis turned. Said axis-pin N is retained Vin position, preferably, by means of screws n a, the heads of which are made to bear on the opposite ends of the pin. The driving-shaft J is locked from endwise movement in the sleeve M by means of a shoulder, j, on said shaft in front and an adjustable collar, O, at the rear. A set-screw,

o, serves to lock the collar O in its properlyadjusted position, and the rear end of the sleeve M may be fitted with a thimble, M, to hide the collar O and add to the finish of the instrument, if desired. The rear end of the drivingshaft J', or a connection thereof, preferabl y terminates in suitable locking and driving surfaces to fit the chuck ofthe hand-piece.

The peculiar construction of the driving end of the shaftJ (shown in the drawings) adapts it to the tool locking and driving de vices ofthe hand-piece of the well-known dental engines manufactured by the S.S.\Vhite Dental Manufacturing Company. 0f course the construction may be such as to adapt the driving end of the shaft .T to hand-pieces of other manufacture.

The operation of the instrument is as follows: The drivingsshaft .l is driven by the dental engine, and, through the geanconnection, rapidly revolves thc camshaft and cam or eccentric thereof. This, through the pitman and spring-connection with the hammer F, rapidly reciprocates said hammer. and causes it to impart a rapid succession of blows upon the end of the toolvholder carrying the plugging-tool. The blows are distinct ha1nmer-like blows, and their force may be graduated, as will be obvious, by adjusting the casing A more or less into the yoke C, so as to vary the distance between the rear end of the tool-holder and the front end of the hammer. During the operation the tool-holder is alsofree to be turned or inanipulatedin the casing, as occasion requires. ln order to enable the operator to stop the delivery of the blows upon the tooi'holder without stopping the engine-as when picking up the gold for the tooth-cavity, for instance-I have fitted the casing A with a slide, l), seated in a longitudinal recess or groove in said casing, and provided at its front end with a knob, p, by which it may be readily 0perated, and at its rear end with a tongue or wedge-piece, p', the front end of which is beveled or pointed, so as to ride under a correspondingly-shaped shoulder, a, of the easing at the end of the slot in which said tongue works when said slide is moved forward. Consequently, when the slide is moved forward by the finger or thumb of the operator, the tongue p is wedged or forced down upon the periphery of the hammer F, and locks it from movement in the easing, so that no blows are imparted to the tool-holder, notwithstanding the fact that the engine is kept running and the cam-shaft in operation. The motion of the eccentric or crank,when the locking wedge or tongue is in action, is taken up by the expansion and contraction of the spring L at its central portion, as will be obvious. Then the hammer is to be again thrown into action, the slide is re tracted or moved backward upon the handlecasing, and this permits the tongue or wedge to spring up so as to lie in its slot in the cas ing A, out of contact with the hammer.

I have neglected to state that the front end IIO of the sleeve M is closed by a detachable capplate, a', which is slotted to permit the passage of the pitman-connection with the hammer, and which retains the cam-shaft and its connected parts in their proper positions for effective operation.

My improvements conduce to a very simple and e'ective plugger.

I claim herein as my own inventionl. rIhe casing having a retaining spring or springs connected therewith, in combination with a tool-holder having a shank to enter a socket in said casing, a circumferential retaining-groove, and a shoulder in front of said groove to limit thc extent of movement of the tool-holder into said casing, substantially as described.

2. Ihe combination, with the casing and its retaining spring or springs, of the toolholder acted on by said springs, and a shoulder to determine the extent of movement of 'said holder in said casing, said shoulder being faced kwith a noise-reducing substance, such as hard rubber, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the handle-section of the casing, of the jointed or pivoted yoke, into the tubular front portion of which the rear end of said handle-section is screwed, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the yoke with which the handle-casing is connected, the sleeve in which the drivingfshaft is mounted, connected to said yoke by a jointed connection, so as to permit free movement of said casing in the operation of the instrument, the eccentric or crank, the hammer mounted so as to reciprocate in said casing, and a connection between said eccentric and said hammer, whereby said hammer may be recprocated during the revolution of the driving-shaft, substantially as de scribed.

5. The combination of a tool and a hammer i arranged to impart blows to said tool with driving mechanism for said hammer, a compensating connection between said driving mechanism and said hammer, and a locking device to stop the motion of said hammer without interfering with the act-ion of the driving mechanism, whereby the hammer may be stopped independently of the driving mechanism and the motion of said driving mechanism taken up by the yielding action of said compensating connection between the driving mechanism and hammer, substantially as described.

6. The combination, in a dental plugger, of a tool and hammer arranged to impart blows to said tool with an eccentric or crank and a spring, and rod or pitman connection between said eccentric and said hammer, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the /pivoted or jointed yoke with which the casing carrying the hammer is connected, with the sleeve carrying the driving-connections, said yoke and said sleeve being j ointed together by a through-pin, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the yoke and the sleeve, carrying, respectively, the handle-casing and its parts and the driving-connectlons, by means of a pin-connection passing through the eccentric and pinion, constituting part of said drivingconnections, substantially as described. r

9. The combination of the slotted or recessed casing, a hammer tted to reciprocate therein, a slide fitted in a recess or slot in said casing, and a wedge or tongue carried by said slide. to act upon said hammer to lock it from reciprocation in the casing, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

ARTHUR YV. BROWNE.

Witnesses:

L..WHEELER, G. MEURER, Jr. 

